- MODERNs - the inferior version of the classical idea - negative. It shifts in the 18th century to a positive way
- Paintings - shocking use of bright colours and style
- MODERNISM is the idea of progress and development - 'New Labour, New Britain' - the idea that modern is better
MODERNITY 1750 - 1960
- Post modern era - argued that we are now this era but really it has never ended.
- Paris - most modern city due to new trains, transport and electricity (Hausseman)
- URBANISATION - allowed a shift in society and was a direct result of industrialization
- changes in transport, steamships, telephone, expanded railways which enabled people to travel great distances
- New forms of leisure - shopping, galleries, music - bossier
- Life further rationalised by time - factory workers - 9 hours and have a break and the idea of a holiday
PROCESS OF RATIONALITY & REASON
- ENLIGHTENMENT - period in late 18th century when SCIENC/PHILOSOPHICAL thinking becomes more important
- CITIES - personification of modernity e.g. Eiffel Tower - symbol of modernity
- SHIFT IN ART - the experience/shift in modernity becomes the subject of the art - grand boulevard, clothes - key signifiers of who has wealth and status
- HAUSSEMAN - Paris 1850's
- PARIS - change from the narrow run down streets to large high rise buildings to accomodate the speed of the new life. All the working class were pushed out to the edges, more control/policing - now the centre is the symbol of rich/upper class zone
- PHYCOLOGY - worries that the new speed/way of life is distracting and affecting people - speeds up out life but distracts people within it
- Rich and poor are forced to mingle - makes people more competitive.
- New available spaces of leisure around the rivers.
- SEURAT, DEGAS AND CALLAIBOTTE - new classes and now new division. Both show the physical and physocological distance
MODERNISM
- emerges out of subjective responses of artists/designers to MODERNITY
MODERNISM IN DESIGN
- Anti historian - to look forward
- Truth to materials - technology
- Internationalism (all modern design should speak the same language) - IKEA!
- Stripped dwon asthetics, purely functional, not real beauty but beauty through the simplicity
- ADOLF LOO's (1908) - Adornment is crime - truth to materials, retarded individual
- BAUHAUS - the most influential art school of the 20th century - gridded big windowns and new font - modernising education. It was shut down by the Nazis as they thought it was too progressive
- TECHNOLOGY - new materials - concrete/steel
INTERNATIONALISM
- The language of design that could be recognised by all e.g. London Tube map
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